Philippines Education: Naturalism vs. Empiricism

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How do naturalism and empiricism differ from one another?

Cite examples based on the old and new curricula in our educational system in the Philippine.

In the context of the old curriculum in the Philippine educational system, there were elements of both naturalism and empiricism. The old curriculum placed a strong emphasis on rote memorization and the acquisition of knowledge through textbooks and lectures. This approach aligned more with empiricism, as it focused on the experiential aspect of learning through observation and firsthand experience. However, the curriculum lacked a significant emphasis on connecting knowledge to the natural world and real-life applications, which is a key aspect of naturalism.

In the new curriculum, there has been a shift towards a more naturalistic approach. The K to 12 curriculum, implemented in 2013, emphasizes hands-on learning, inquiry-based approaches, and real-world applications of knowledge. This shift aligns with naturalism by promoting experiential learning and encouraging students to observe and interact with the natural world. For instance, in science subjects, students are encouraged to conduct experiments, explore their environment, and make observations to develop a deeper understanding of scientific concepts. This approach allows students to actively engage with the natural world and develop critical thinking skills.

Overall, while the old curriculum leaned more towards empiricism, the new curriculum incorporates elements of naturalism by fostering experiential learning and connecting knowledge to the natural world.


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